Causes and Consequences of Air Pollution in Ethiopia

18th August 2025

This K4DD Rapid Evidence Review examines the principal factors contributing to air pollution in the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (hereafter, Ethiopia) and its subsequent effects on health, the economy, society and politics.

It provides a high-level summary of the main sources of air pollution in the country and examines the impact of exposure on health outcomes and economic prosperity. The focus of this review is on particulate matter (PM) of less than 2.5 micrometres in diameter (PM2.5) given its association with a range of health impacts. The report identifies a limited, though slowly expanding, evidence base that is characterised by significant gaps.

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Suggested Citation

Emole, E. and Avis, R. (2024). Causes and Consequences of Air Pollution in Ethiopia. K4DD Rapid Evidence Review 196. Brighton, UK: Institute of Development Studies. DOI: 10.19088/K4DD.2025.075

Published

18th August 2025

Location

Continent: Africa

Country: Ethiopia